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Sir Thomas Theophilus Metcalfe, 4th Baronet, KCB (2 January 1795 – 3 November 1853) was an East India Company civil servant and agent of the Governor General of India at the imperial court of the Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar. ==Biography== Sir Thomas Theophilus Metcalfe was born on 2 January 1795 at 49 Portland Place, London, and christened on 27 March 1795 in St Marylebone Parish Church, Saint Marylebone, London, England. He arrived in Delhi in 1813 and lived there for forty years. His elder brother, Charles Metcalfe (1785–1846), was Resident to the Mughal Emperor's court, and briefly the provisional Governor General of Bengal (1835–36). He married Fe'licite Anne Browne on 13 July 1826. In 1830, Metcalfe began to build the "Metcalfe House" on the outskirts of Delhi, taking land belonging to Gurjar villagers. He filled it with his collections of art, books and relics of Napoleon. The Metcalfe House was called ''Matka Kothi'' by the bearers and ''khansamahs'' (chefs) serving Sir Thomas, as they found it difficult to pronounce the name Metcalfe.〔 In 1835, Metcalfe became the agent at Delhi after the murder of William Fraser and ran the "Delhi Territory", the area around the old capital under British control since 1803. He succeeded his brother as Baronet in 1844, and became an important figure in the cultural climate of Delhi.〔 While working in India as the Governor-General's Agent at the Imperial court of the Mughal Emperor, between 1842 and 1844, Metcalfe ordered a series of images of the monuments, ruins, palaces and shrines from Delhi artist named Mazhar Ali Khan, and later an album termed as Reminiscences of Imperial Delhi (also ''Dehlie Book'' or ''Delhi Album'') was compiled by Metcalfe in 1844, containing 89 folios around 130 paintings by Indian artists, and including descriptive text and touching words and was sent to his daughter Emily as she headed from an English schooling to join him in Delhi. The album has now been acquired by the British Library.〔('Reminiscences of Imperial Delhi’, ) ''British Library.〕〔(About the Delhi Book ) The Guardian, August 16, 2003〕 During the rainy season he used to stay at 'Dilkusha' (Delight of the Heart), which was built on the first floor of the tomb of Mohammed Quli Khan, brother of Adham Khan, general of Mughal Emperor, Akbar, situated south east of the Qutb complex in Mehrauli, an area which was also the traditional retreat of the Mughals for the season.〔(The tomb of Muhammad Quli Khan, brother of Adham Khan, converted to a residence by Sir Thomas Theophilus Metcalfe ) British Library.〕 While his main house was a colonial bungalow, built in 1844, its library contained over 20,000 books including Napoleon memorabilia, however during the Uprising of 1857 the library was destroyed and looted.〔(Sir Theophilus Metcalfe's House, Delhi. ) British Library.〕 He was invested with the Order of the Bath, and became a Knight Commander in the same order. Metcalfe was allegedly poisoned by one of Bahadur Shah's queens in 1853.〔〔(A case of Delhi poisoning? ) Hindu, April 5, 2004.〕 He was buried in a grave to the east of the Skinner Family's cemetery, at the St. James' Church near Kashmiri Gate, Delhi.〔(The tomb of Sir Thomas Metcalfe in Delhi ) British Library.〕 During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Metcalfe House was sacked by the Gurjar villagers from whom the land was taken to erect the building. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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